National Flag (Tiranga)
The National Flag of India is made up of Khadi, with three bands of colour. Top Band is of Saffron colour, indicating the strength of the country. The white middle band, indicates peace with Dharma Chakra. The last band is green in colour shows the fertility of the land. The National Anthem of the country is Janaganamana composed by Ravindranath Tagore and the National song is Vande Mataram composed by Bankim Chandra
Chatterjee.
National Embelm
The National Emblem adapted by the Government of India on 26th January 1950, is taken from the Lion capital of Sarnath erected by Ashoka - the great Mauryan King. In the emblem only three lions are visible and the fourth one is hidden from the view. In the centre of the Abacus, there is a wheel symbolising the Dharma Chakra (Eternal wheel of law) with a bull on the right and horse on the left. The word Satyameva Jayate (Truth alone triumphs) from the Upanishadas have been inscribed in Devanagari script. The emblem is the official seal of the President of India and Central and State Governments of the Indian union. Used only for official purposes, it commands utmost respect and loyalty, while proclaiming independent India's identity and sovereignty.
National Animal
The Tiger - Lord of the Indian Jungles, evokes royalty, majesty and power. With its position at top of the ecological pyramids, the tiger is the symbol of India's wealth of wildlife. India homes nearly half the world-wide population of tigers and thus tiger remains synonymous with India. To protect this royal animal Project Tiger was launched in 1973. Today, the tiger advances as a symbol of India's conservation of itself its wildlife heritage.
National Bird
Symbolic of many qualities - grace, joy, pride, beauty, love and mysticism, the Peacock is depicted in picture with the company of Indian Gods and Goddesses. It is the sacred bird of the India, protected not only by a religious sentiment but also by parliamentary statute.
National Tree
Commanding a central presence in the timeless setting of India's countryside, is the mighty Banayan, a tree endemic to the Indian subcontinent. What's amazing about this tree is the fact that it is a veritable micro habitant for countless creatures. For man it provides shelter and is a point where the village community gather and transact much of its affairs.
National Flower
Rich in meaning and metaphor, the Lotus symbolises divinity, fertility, wealth, knowledge and not to forget enlightenment. Lending to its uniqueness, the flower grows in murky waters and rises on a long stalk above the surface to bloom glorious. Untouched by the impurity, lotus symbolises the purity of heart and mind. Human beings are instructed by Indian scripture to live a life of non-attachment, which is very hard. Then in Indian thought, there is the last and final lotus - Charan Kamal or lotus feet of the Almighty. It was this depth of thought that made the founding fathers of modern India enshrine the lotus in the Constitution as the National Flower.
Janaganamana
Jana gana mana adhinayaka jaya he
Bharata bhagya vidhata
Punjaba Sindhu Gujarata Maratha
Dravida Utkala Banga
Vindhya Himachala Yamuna Ganga
Uchchala jaladhi taranga
Tava shubha name jage
Tava shubha asisa mage
Gahe tava jaya gatha
Jana gana mangala dayaka jaya he
Bharata bhagya vidhata
Jaya he, jaya he, jaya he
Jaya jaya jaya, jaya he.
Vande Mataram
Vande Mataram!
Sujalam, suphalam,
Malayaja shitalam,
Shasya shyamalam, Mataram!
Shubhra jyothsna, pulakitayaminim
Phulla kusumita, drumadala shobinim
Suhasinim, sumadhura bhashinim,
Sukhadam varadam, Mataram!
